Wednesday, October 14, 2009

MIDTERM

PROGRAM PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
  1. Defining problem
  2. Designing a Solution
  3. Writing the Program
  4. Compiling and Debugging
  5. Documenting the program
algorithm-breaking a problem into discrete step
Flowcharting-a graphical representation of the sequence of operations a computer

Pseudocode-is a version of the instructions describing each step the computer must follow
Compiler- is a special program for each programming language that is loaded into the computer when the language is used
  1. Spelling errors
  2. Syntax errors
  3. improperly sequenced
  4. improperly labeled
Debugging- logical errors have to be detected
Subroutine- Easier to understand and more maintainable
Top Down vs Bottom Up
  • Top Down- structured design done by first recognizing major components of the solution
  • Bottom Up- Starts by the small functions
Logic Pattern
  • Simple Sequence
  • Selection
  • Loop
  • Branch
Additional Design
  • Do-while
  • Case
Paradigm-an idealized pattern of usageunder which some agent can operate
Major Programming Paradigm
  • Imperative
  • Logical
  • Functional
  • Object-Oriented
Other Programming Paradigm
  • Tree
  • Expert System
  • Stream
  • Neural Network
Language-is definined as system for communicating
Machine Language-lowest lvl programming language
  • op code- which tells the computer form of 1 or 0
  • Operand-tells the computer what data to use when performing the function
  • Low level Language- also called assembly lanuage
  • high level language-Enables a programmer to write program that are less independent

  • BASIC-developed by john kemeny and Thomas Kurts
  • FORTRAN-Formula Translator,oldest high-lvl programming language
  • COBOL- Common Business-Oriented lanuguage, by Dr.Gray Murray Hopper,most frequently language
  • PASCAL-developed by Blaise Pascal
  • C Lanuguage- high-lvl language developed by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell laboratories
  • C++-developed by Bjarne Strotoupe
  • Java- popular programming language,developed by Oak by Sun Microsystem
Interpriter- Translate and execute the program by line

DOS-Disk Operating System

Different OS
  1. Single user Operating System
  2. Multi user Operating System
  3. Network Operating System
  4. Multitasking Operating System
  5. Desktop Operating System

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